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# Claude.md — JQC Developer Reference
> **Audience:** AI assistants and developers working on this codebase.
> **Purpose:** Authoritative reference for architecture, conventions, gotchas, and decisions.
> **Last reviewed:** May 2026 (Phase 18 complete — reported_by on issues, issue_flagged notification prefs, dashboard follow-up query fix, customer join refactor)
---
## Table of Contents
1. [Project Overview](#1-project-overview)
2. [Tech Stack](#2-tech-stack)
3. [Repository Layout](#3-repository-layout)
4. [Environment & Configuration](#4-environment--configuration)
5. [Database Models](#5-database-models)
6. [Role & Permission Matrix](#6-role--permission-matrix)
7. [Blueprint Prefixes & Route Inventory](#7-blueprint-prefixes--route-inventory)
8. [Utility Modules](#8-utility-modules)
9. [Mobile API (Phase 7 / Phase A / Phase B)](#9-mobile-api-phase-7--phase-a--phase-b)
10. [iPad Native App](#10-ipad-native-app)
11. [Notification System](#11-notification-system)
12. [SLA Engine](#12-sla-engine)
13. [Audit Trail](#13-audit-trail)
14. [PDF Export](#14-pdf-export)
15. [Scheduled Reports](#15-scheduled-reports)
16. [Rate Limiting](#16-rate-limiting)
17. [Alembic Migration Chain](#17-alembic-migration-chain)
18. [Frontend Conventions](#18-frontend-conventions)
19. [Infrastructure](#19-infrastructure)
20. [Known Constraints & Hard Rules](#20-known-constraints--hard-rules)
21. [Change Philosophy](#21-change-philosophy)
---
## 1. Project Overview
**JQC (Janitorial Quality Control)** is a production-grade, full-stack web application that manages:
- Janitorial service contracts organised as **Contracts (Projects) → Facilities → Areas**
- **Inspection** execution against configurable templates with dynamic form builder
- **Issue** tracking with SLA enforcement, follower subscriptions, and verification workflow
- **Customer portal** with scoped facility visibility and invitation-based onboarding
- **Notification** system (in-app + email) driven by an admin-controlled matrix
- **Reports** — on-demand PDF/CSV scorecards and scheduled email digests
- **Audit trail** — immutable log of every create/update/delete action
- **Mobile API** — JWT-authenticated REST layer for the iPad native app
- **iPad native app** — SwiftUI + SwiftData offline-first inspection tool (Phase A + B + C complete)
The application is actively deployed in production and maintained by a single developer/administrator.
---
## 2. Tech Stack
| Layer | Technology |
|---|---|
| Language | Python 3.11+ |
| Web framework | Flask (application factory pattern) |
| ORM | Flask-SQLAlchemy (SQLAlchemy 2.x) |
| Database | MySQL (via PyMySQL driver) |
| Auth (web) | Flask-Login + Flask-WTF CSRF |
| Auth (API) | JWT access tokens + opaque refresh tokens (PyJWT) |
| Rate limiting | Flask-Limiter (Redis-backed in production via `REDIS_URL`; falls back to in-process memory for dev) |
| Migrations | Flask-Migrate / Alembic |
| Email | Flask-Mail (SMTP, background threading) |
| PDF generation | ReportLab |
| Forms | WTForms + Flask-WTF |
| Templating | Jinja2 |
| Frontend | Bootstrap 5, Chart.js, vanilla JS |
| Server | Gunicorn (sync workers) behind Nginx |
| OS | Ubuntu Linux |
| **iPad app** | **SwiftUI + SwiftData, iOS 17+, Xcode 15+** |
| **iPad networking** | **URLSession async/await + NWPathMonitor** |
| **iPad auth storage** | **iOS Keychain (Security.framework)** |
| Timezone | All datetimes stored as US/Eastern (naive, via `now_eastern()`) |
---
## 3. Repository Layout
```
lt_janitorial_quality_control/
├── app/
│ ├── __init__.py # Application factory — limiter, csrf, db, mail, login_manager
│ ├── api/ # Mobile REST API
│ │ ├── __init__.py # api_bp parent blueprint + register_api()
│ │ ├── auth.py # /api/v1/auth/* and /api/v1/devices/*
│ │ ├── facilities.py # /api/v1/facilities/* (Phase A)
│ │ ├── templates.py # /api/v1/templates/* (Phase A)
│ │ ├── inspections.py # /api/v1/inspections/* (Phase B)
│ │ ├── issues.py # /api/v1/issues/* (Phase B)
│ │ ├── photos.py # /api/v1/photos/upload (Phase B)
│ │ ├── decorators.py # @jwt_required
│ │ ├── errors.py # JSON error helpers + error handler registration
│ │ └── jwt_utils.py # generate_access_token()
│ ├── models/
│ │ ├── inspection.py # Inspection now has mobile_local_id column (Phase B)
│ │ ├── issue.py # Issue now has mobile_local_id column (Phase B)
│ │ └── ... # (all other models unchanged)
│ ├── routes/ # (unchanged from Phase 12)
│ ├── static/
│ ├── templates/
│ └── utils/
├── migrations/
│ └── versions/
│ ├── phase1_projects_roles.py
│ ├── phase6_features.py
│ ├── phase7_mobile_api.py
│ ├── phase8_notification_matrix.py
│ ├── phase9_user_full_name.py
│ ├── phase10_customer_password_setup.py
│ ├── phase11_director_role.py
│ ├── phase12_performance_indexes.py
│ └── phase_b_mobile_local_id.py ← HEAD
├── JanitorialQC/ # Xcode iOS project root
│ ├── JanitorialQC.xcodeproj
│ └── JanitorialQC/
│ ├── JQCApp.swift # @main — SwiftData container, env objects
│ ├── ContentView.swift # Auth gate: LoginView ↔ DashboardView
│ ├── Auth/
│ │ ├── AuthManager.swift # Login/logout/restore session, Keychain persistence
│ │ └── KeychainHelper.swift # Security.framework wrapper
│ ├── API/
│ │ ├── APIClient.swift # URLSession + JWT inject + 401 retry + photo upload
│ │ └── APIModels.swift # Codable response DTOs
│ ├── Sync/
│ │ └── SyncManager.swift # NWPathMonitor + outbox queue processor
│ ├── Models/ # SwiftData local models
│ │ ├── LocalFacility.swift
│ │ ├── LocalArea.swift
│ │ ├── LocalTemplate.swift
│ │ ├── LocalInspection.swift
│ │ ├── LocalIssue.swift
│ │ ├── PendingPhoto.swift
│ │ └── SyncQueueEntry.swift
│ ├── Views/
│ │ ├── Auth/
│ │ │ └── LoginView.swift
│ │ ├── Dashboard/
│ │ │ └── DashboardView.swift # Sidebar + all detail views
│ │ └── Inspection/
│ │ ├── StartInspectionView.swift
│ │ ├── ExecuteInspectionView.swift
│ │ ├── FlagIssueView.swift
│ │ └── FormRenderer/
│ │ └── FormFieldView.swift # All field type renderers
│ └── Utils/
│ └── Constants.swift # baseURL, Keychain key strings
├── config.py
├── gunicorn_config.py
├── requirements.txt
├── run.py
└── wsgi.py
```
---
## 4. Environment & Configuration
### Required Environment Variables
| Variable | Notes |
|---|---|
| `SECRET_KEY` | Flask secret — no fallback; startup fails if absent |
| `DATABASE_URL` | e.g. `mysql+pymysql://user:pass@localhost/jqc` |
| `MAIL_SERVER` | SMTP hostname |
| `MAIL_USERNAME` | SMTP login |
| `MAIL_PASSWORD` | SMTP password |
| `MAIL_PORT` | 465 (SSL) or 587 (STARTTLS) — auto-selects flags |
| `APP_BASE_URL` | Full URL for email links |
| `MAIL_DEFAULT_SENDER` | From address |
| `DIGEST_SECRET` | Authenticates all cron endpoints |
| `REDIS_URL` | Optional. When set, Flask-Limiter uses Redis for shared rate-limit counters across Gunicorn workers. |
### Email SSL Auto-Detection
```python
MAIL_USE_SSL = _mail_port == 465
MAIL_USE_TLS = not MAIL_USE_SSL
```
**Critical:** Never set both to `True` — Flask-Mail breaks silently.
### File Uploads
- `UPLOAD_FOLDER` = `app/static/uploads/`
- `MAX_CONTENT_LENGTH` = 50 MB
- Allowed: `png`, `jpg`, `jpeg`, `gif`
---
## 5. Database Models
### User
```
users: id, username (unique, indexed), full_name, email (unique, indexed),
password_hash, role (ENUM), created_at, active,
password_set, set_password_token (indexed), set_password_token_expires
```
**Role ENUM:** `admin`, `director`, `inspector`, `project_manager`, `customer`
**Key property:** `display_name` → `full_name.strip()` or falls back to `username`.
### Facility / Area
```
facilities: id, name, address, contact_person, contact_phone, active, project_id (FK)
areas: id, facility_id (FK), name, area_type
```
**`area_type` choices:** `restroom`, `lobby`, `hallway`, `office`, `kitchen`, `storage`, `floor`, `outdoor`, `other`
### Project / CustomerAssignment
```
projects: id, name, description, project_manager_id, active, created_at
customer_assignments: id, user_id, project_id, facility_id (nullable)
UniqueConstraint(user_id, project_id, facility_id)
```
### Inspection
```
inspections: id, template_id, facility_id, area_id, inspector_id, inspection_date,
overall_score, status (in_progress/completed/flagged), notes, form_data (JSON),
completed_at, parent_inspection_id (self-FK), follow_up_required, follow_up_note,
mobile_local_id VARCHAR(64) nullable indexed ← Phase B
```
**`mobile_local_id`:** UUID string generated on the iPad. Used for idempotency — if a submission arrives twice (network retry), the server returns the existing record without creating a duplicate. Set `NULL` for all web-created inspections.
**Score rule:** Items with `score = 0` mean "unanswered" — excluded from calculation entirely.
### Issue
```
issues: id, inspection_id (nullable), area_id, facility_id (nullable), severity (low/medium/high/critical),
description, photo_path, status (open/in_progress/resolved/pending_verification),
assigned_to, reported_by (nullable FK → users, SET NULL on delete),
reported_at, resolved_at, result_notes, result_photos (JSON),
verified_by, verified_at, verification_note, sla_notified,
mobile_local_id VARCHAR(64) nullable indexed ← Phase B
```
**`reported_by`:** Added in phase18. Set at creation time to the user who filed the issue — on the web (`current_user.id`) and via the mobile API (`g.api_user.id`). Nullable for backward compatibility; pre-phase18 rows have `NULL`. Used by `GET /api/v1/issues` to return issues the inspector created but hasn't been assigned yet.
### Notification / NotificationPreference
```
notifications: id, user_id, title, body, link, is_read, created_at, issue_id,
inspection_id, event_type VARCHAR(50) NULL, digest_pending
notification_preferences: id, user_id, event_type, email_enabled, digest_mode, digest_frequency
```
**`event_type`:** Added in phase17. Stored by `notify()` and returned by `GET /api/v1/notifications` so the iPad can categorise alerts. `NULL` for notifications created before the migration.
### NotificationMatrix
```
notification_matrix: id, event_type, role_key, enabled, custom_emails (JSON)
UniqueConstraint(event_type, role_key)
```
### AuditLog
```
audit_logs: id, user_id (nullable), username (snapshot), user_role (snapshot),
action, entity_type, entity_id, entity_label, details, created_at (indexed), ip_address
```
### RefreshToken / DeviceToken
```
api_refresh_tokens: id, user_id, token_hash (SHA-256, unique), device_id, device_name,
created_at, expires_at, revoked
api_device_tokens: id, user_id, device_id, apns_token, device_name, app_version, registered_at
UniqueConstraint(user_id, device_id)
```
---
## 6. Role & Permission Matrix
| Area | admin | director | project_manager | inspector | customer |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dashboard | ✅ full | ✅ full | ✅ full | ✅ limited | ✅ scoped |
| Users | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Notification Matrix | ✅ only | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Customers | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Facilities | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | read | scoped |
| Contracts | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | read | scoped |
| Templates | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Inspections (execute) | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | read |
| Issues (create/assign) | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | read |
| Issues (quick-assign) | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Issue verification | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Reports | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | scoped |
| Scheduled Reports | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Audit Trail | ✅ only | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ |
| Mobile API | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ |
### Decorator Map
```python
@admin_required # role == 'admin' only
@supervisor_required # role in ('admin', 'director') — name kept to avoid touching 30+ routes
@project_manager_required # role in ('admin', 'director', 'project_manager')
@customer_required # role == 'customer' only
```
---
## 7. Blueprint Prefixes & Route Inventory
| Blueprint | Prefix | Notable routes |
|---|---|---|
| `auth` | `/auth` | `/login`, `/logout`, `/profile`, `/users/*`, `/notification-matrix` |
| `dashboard` | `/` | `GET /`, `/facility-trend` (AJAX) |
| `facilities` | `/facilities` | CRUD + area management |
| `projects` | `/projects` | CRUD + customer assignment management |
| `customers` | `/customers` | list, invite, set-password, manage, import CSV |
| `inspections` | `/inspections` | list, start, execute, view, PDF export, flag-issue, save-draft (AJAX), flag-followup, reinspect |
| `templates` | `/templates` | list, create, edit, delete, form editor, preview |
| `issues` | `/issues` | list, view, create, update, verify, comment, follow/unfollow, verification queue, delete, quick-assign |
| `notifications` | `/notifications` | list, mark-read, preferences, send-digest (cron), check-sla (cron), cleanup-tokens (cron) |
| `audit` | `/audit` | list (admin only), view, purge |
| `reports` | `/reports` | index, facility report, scorecard, CSV/PDF export |
| `scheduled_reports` | `/scheduled-reports` | CRUD + manual trigger |
| `api` | `/api/v1` | parent blueprint |
| `api_auth` | `/api/v1` | `/auth/login`, `/auth/refresh`, `/auth/logout`, `/auth/me`, `/devices/register` |
| `api_facilities` | `/api/v1` | `/facilities`, `/facilities/<id>/areas` |
| `api_templates` | `/api/v1` | `/templates`, `/templates/<id>` |
| `api_inspections` | `/api/v1` | `GET /inspections`, `POST /inspections`, `PATCH /inspections/<id>` |
| `api_issues` | `/api/v1` | `GET /issues`, `POST /issues`, `GET /issues/<id>`, `PATCH /issues/<id>/status` |
| `api_photos` | `/api/v1` | `POST /photos/upload` |
| `api_notifications` | `/api/v1` | `GET /notifications`, `PATCH /notifications/mark-read` |
---
## 8. Utility Modules
### `time_utils.py`
`now_eastern()` — always use this, never `datetime.utcnow()`.
### `audit.py`
`log_action(action, entity_type, entity_id, entity_label, details)` — call **after** `db.session.commit()`. **This function calls `db.session.commit()` internally.** Calling it before the primary commit will prematurely persist any dirty ORM state in the session.
### `scope.py`
`get_customer_scope(user)` — returns `list[int]` facility IDs for customers, `None` for staff.
### `forms.py`
All WTForms classes. `AreaForm.area_type` includes `floor`. `UserForm` excludes `customer` role.
### `notifications.py`
`notify()`, `notify_by_matrix()`, `notify_customers_for_facility()` — all email sent in background thread. `notify()` stores `event_type` on the `Notification` record (phase17+) so the mobile API can return it to the iPad for categorisation. `flag_followup` route calls `notify()` for the original inspector so they receive a follow-up request notification on the iPad.
### `sla.py`
`sla_status(issue)` → `'ok'` | `'at_risk'` | `'breached'` | `None` (resolved).
### `pdf_export.py`
ReportLab-based. 12-column grid must be preserved — never collapse in PDF views.
---
## 9. Mobile API (Phase 7 / Phase A / Phase B / Phase C)
### CSRF Exemption Pattern — Critical
**`csrf.exempt(api_bp)` does NOT cascade to sub-blueprints.** Flask-WTF's `_is_exempt()` checks the leaf blueprint object. Each child blueprint must be exempted individually in `app/__init__.py`:
```python
from app.api import register_api, api_bp
from app.api.auth import bp as _api_auth_bp
from app.api.facilities import bp as _api_facilities_bp
from app.api.templates import bp as _api_templates_bp
from app.api.inspections import bp as _api_inspections_bp
from app.api.issues import bp as _api_issues_bp
from app.api.photos import bp as _api_photos_bp
from app.api.notifications import bp as _api_notifications_bp
csrf.exempt(_api_auth_bp)
csrf.exempt(_api_facilities_bp)
csrf.exempt(_api_templates_bp)
csrf.exempt(_api_inspections_bp)
csrf.exempt(_api_issues_bp)
csrf.exempt(_api_photos_bp)
csrf.exempt(_api_notifications_bp)
register_api(app)
```
**Every new Phase D+ blueprint must add its own `csrf.exempt()` line here before `register_api(app)`.** Failing to do so produces a `"The CSRF token is missing."` error on all POST requests to that blueprint.
### Auth Flow
1. `POST /api/v1/auth/login` → access token (60 min JWT) + refresh token (30 day opaque hex)
2. Bearer token on every request
3. `POST /api/v1/auth/refresh` → token rotation (old revoked, new issued)
4. `POST /api/v1/auth/logout` → revokes refresh token
### Rate Limits
| Endpoint | Limit |
|---|---|
| `POST /api/v1/auth/login` | 10/min, 3/sec |
| `POST /api/v1/auth/refresh` | 30/min, 5/sec |
### Phase A Endpoints
| Endpoint | Auth | Description |
|---|---|---|
| `GET /api/v1/facilities` | jwt_required | All active facilities scoped to user |
| `GET /api/v1/facilities/<id>/areas` | jwt_required | Areas for a facility |
| `GET /api/v1/templates` | jwt_required | Template list (summary, no form_schema) |
| `GET /api/v1/templates/<id>` | jwt_required | Full template with form_schema |
Customer role is blocked from template endpoints (`_ALLOWED_ROLES` check). Facility endpoints honour `get_customer_scope()`.
### Phase B Endpoints
| Endpoint | Auth | Description |
|---|---|---|
| `POST /api/v1/inspections` | jwt_required | Create inspection; idempotent via `mobile_local_id` |
| `PATCH /api/v1/inspections/<id>` | jwt_required | Update inspection (draft → completed) |
| `POST /api/v1/issues` | jwt_required | Create issue; idempotent via `mobile_local_id` |
| `POST /api/v1/photos/upload` | jwt_required | Multipart photo upload; returns `server_path` |
### Phase C Endpoints
| Endpoint | Auth | Description |
|---|---|---|
| `GET /api/v1/inspections` | jwt_required | Inspector's own inspection history (paginated) |
| `GET /api/v1/issues` | jwt_required | Issues assigned to current user (inspectors); all non-resolved (admin/director/PM) |
| `GET /api/v1/issues/<id>` | jwt_required | Single issue detail — inspectors scoped to assigned only |
| `PATCH /api/v1/issues/<id>/status` | jwt_required | Update issue status — inspectors scoped to assigned only |
| `GET /api/v1/notifications` | jwt_required | Unread notifications for current user; accepts `?since=<ISO 8601>` |
| `PATCH /api/v1/notifications/mark-read` | jwt_required | Mark list of notification IDs as read |
### Issue API Scope Rules
- **Inspector:** `GET /issues` returns issues where `assigned_to == current_user.id` **OR** `reported_by == current_user.id`. This ensures issues the inspector created on the iPad appear even before a director assigns them. `GET /issues/<id>` and `PATCH /issues/<id>/status` enforce the same combined check.
- **Admin / Director / Project Manager:** `GET /issues` returns all non-resolved issues (default) or filtered by `?status=`.
- `_issue_payload()` returns: `id`, `status`, `severity`, `description`, `assigned_to`, `facility_id`, `facility_name`, `reported_at`, `resolved_at`, `mobile_local_id`, `photo_path`, `result_photos`.
### Notification API — OperationalError Safety
`GET /api/v1/notifications` wraps the ORM query in `try/except sqlalchemy.exc.OperationalError`. If the `event_type` column does not yet exist (phase17 migration not run), it falls back to a raw-SQL query that omits the column and returns `"event_type": null`. This keeps the endpoint functional before and after the migration.
### Idempotency Pattern
All Phase B write endpoints accept `mobile_local_id` (UUID string from device). On receipt:
```python
existing = Model.query.filter_by(mobile_local_id=mobile_local_id).first()
if existing:
return api_ok({'id': existing.id, 'duplicate': True})
```
This protects against double-submission when the network fails after the server commits but before the device receives the response. Web-created records have `mobile_local_id = NULL`.
### Photo Upload Flow
Photos are uploaded **before** the inspection or issue is submitted:
1. iPad calls `POST /api/v1/photos/upload` with multipart image
2. Server saves to `app/static/uploads/inspection_photos/` or `issue_photos/`
3. Returns `{ "server_path": "uploads/inspection_photos/uuid.jpg" }`
4. iPad includes `server_path` in the subsequent inspection/issue POST
### Score Calculation (Server-Side)
`app/api/inspections.py::_compute_score()` mirrors `routes/inspections.py::_compute_score_from_form()` exactly:
- Rating value `0` = unanswered → excluded from total
- pass_fail accepted values: `pass`, `yes`, `ok`, `good`, `acceptable`, `compliant`
- Returns `float` 0–100 or `None` if no scoreable fields
---
## 10. iPad Native App
### Platform
- **Language:** Swift 5.10+
- **UI:** SwiftUI (iPad-only, all four orientations)
- **Local DB:** SwiftData (iOS 17+ required)
- **Networking:** URLSession async/await
- **Connectivity:** NWPathMonitor (Network.framework)
- **Token storage:** iOS Keychain (Security.framework)
- **Xcode:** 15+
### Offline-First Architecture
The app follows the **outbox pattern** — every inspector action writes to SwiftData first; the server is a secondary destination.
```
Inspector action → SwiftData write (always succeeds) → SyncQueue entry
↓
NWPathMonitor detects reconnect
↓
SyncManager.triggerSync()
1. Upload pending photos
2. Submit completed inspections
3. Submit pending issues
4. Pull fresh reference data
```
### SwiftData Models
| Model | Purpose |
|---|---|
| `LocalFacility` | Cached facility reference data (read-only on device) |
| `LocalArea` | Cached area reference data |
| `LocalTemplate` | Cached template + `formSchemaJSON` (raw JSON string) |
| `LocalInspection` | Inspector-created inspection records |
| `LocalIssue` | Issues flagged during inspections |
| `PendingPhoto` | Photos awaiting upload; tracks `localFilePath` → `serverPath` |
| `SyncQueueEntry` | Outbox queue (currently unused directly — filtering done in Swift) |
### LocalInspection Status Flow
```
"draft" → "completed" → "synced"
→ "failed" (after 5 retries)
```
`syncStatus` is separate from `status`:
- `status`: inspector workflow state
- `syncStatus`: server submission state (`"pending"` | `"synced"` | `"failed"`)
### SyncManager Key Behaviours
- **Fetch-then-filter pattern:** All `processPhotoQueue`, `processInspectionQueue`, `processIssueQueue` fetch all records and filter in Swift rather than using `#Predicate` with string literals. This avoids a SwiftData `#Predicate` macro type-inference bug with string comparisons across model boundaries.
- **Sequential reference data fetch:** `pullReferenceData()` uses sequential `await` (not `async let`) to avoid Swift 6 actor-isolation warnings on `Decodable` structs.
- **Photo-before-inspection ordering:** `processPhotoQueue` runs before `processInspectionQueue`. An inspection is only submitted after all its `pendingPhotos` have `uploadStatus == "uploaded"` or `"failed"`.
- **Retry limit:** 5 retries per item before marking `syncStatus = "failed"`.
- **`pullAssignedIssues()`:** Fetches `GET /api/v1/issues` and upserts into SwiftData keyed by `serverId`. Records pulled from server carry `syncStatus = "synced"` and `inspectionLocalId = ""` so `processIssueQueue` never re-submits them. **Deletion pass runs after upsert** — records with `syncStatus == "synced"` AND `inspectionLocalId == ""` whose `serverId` is absent from the server response are deleted. This removes issues that were reassigned to another inspector. The empty-response case is not short-circuited, so unassignment is always handled.
- **Notification polling:** `pollNotifications()` is called at the end of every `triggerSync()` and also on a 60-second `Task.sleep` loop started by `startPollTask()`. Uses `lastNotificationFetch` as a cursor (`?since=` param) so only new notifications are fetched. Marks fetched IDs read on server after local delivery.
- **`Task.sleep` not `Timer.scheduledTimer`:** `Timer.scheduledTimer` requires `RunLoop.main` to be ticking; inside a Swift Concurrency `Task { @MainActor }` block `RunLoop.current` is not `RunLoop.main` and the timer fires never. Always use `Task.sleep` for periodic work in SyncManager.
### APIClient Key Behaviours
- **401 auto-retry:** On a 401 response, `refreshAccessToken()` is called once and the original request is retried. If refresh fails, `APIError.notAuthenticated` is thrown.
- **Keychain token storage:** `kSecAttrAccessibleAfterFirstUnlock` — tokens survive device reboot, accessible for background sync.
- **Photo upload:** Multipart `form-data` built manually (no third-party library). Boundary is a UUID string.
### FormFieldView — Supported Field Types
All types from the web app's `INPUT_FIELD_TYPES` set are rendered:
| Type | SwiftUI renderer |
|---|---|
| `text`, `email` | `TextField` |
| `textarea` | `TextEditor` |
| `number` | `TextField` + `.decimalPad` |
| `date` | `DatePicker` |
| `checkbox` | `Toggle` |
| `checkbox_group` | Custom multi-select buttons |
| `radio` | Custom radio buttons |
| `select` | `Picker(.menu)` |
| `rating` | Custom star rating (tap same star to clear) |
| `pass_fail` | Two-button Pass/Fail control |
| `signature` | `PKCanvasView` (PencilKit) |
| `image` | `UIImagePickerController` sheet → local file save |
| `table` | `Grid` of `TextField` |
| `section`, `label` | Display-only `Text` |
### Known iOS-Specific Constraints
| # | Constraint | Rationale |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | **`import Combine` required for `@Published`** | Swift 5.9+ does not auto-import Combine; `ObservableObject` without it causes build errors |
| 2 | **`NavigationSplitView` — no `selection:` binding** | `init(selection:content:)` unavailable on iPadOS 17; use `List` with manual `Button` + `@State var selectedTab` |
| 3 | **`#Predicate` — no string literal comparisons across model boundaries** | SwiftData macro type-inference bug; fetch all + filter in Swift instead |
| 4 | **`async let` — Swift 6 actor-isolation warnings on Decodable** | Use sequential `await` calls for reference data fetches |
| 5 | **PencilKit requires framework linkage** | Add `PencilKit.framework` under Target → Frameworks, Libraries, and Embedded Content |
| 6 | **Free Apple ID provisioning expires every 7 days** | Rebuild with ⌘R while iPad is connected; SwiftData persists across reinstalls |
| 7 | **`kSecAttrAccessibleAfterFirstUnlock` for background sync** | Tokens must be readable when the app is woken by BGTaskScheduler |
---
## 11. Notification System
### Event Constants (`app/models/notification.py`)
```
EVENT_ISSUE_ASSIGNED = 'issue_assigned'
EVENT_ISSUE_STATUS = 'issue_status'
EVENT_ISSUE_COMMENT = 'issue_comment'
EVENT_ISSUE_FOLLOW = 'issue_follow_update'
EVENT_INSPECTION_DONE = 'inspection_completed'
EVENT_SLA_ALERT = 'sla_alert'
EVENT_ISSUE_FLAGGED = 'issue_flagged' ← added; must be in ALL_EVENT_TYPES
EVENT_CUSTOMER_INSPECTION_DONE = 'customer_inspection_completed'
EVENT_CUSTOMER_ISSUE_UPDATED = 'customer_issue_updated'
```
**`ALL_EVENT_TYPES`** is the authoritative dict for the preferences UI. Every `event_type` string passed to `notify()` or `notify_by_matrix()` must have a matching entry here — missing entries cause that event to be invisible in the preferences form.
### Cron Endpoints (all require `token=DIGEST_SECRET`)
| Endpoint | Purpose | Schedule |
|---|---|---|
| `POST /notifications/send-digest` | Digest email delivery | `0 7 * * *` |
| `POST /notifications/check-sla` | SLA breach/at-risk alerts | `*/30 * * * *` |
| `POST /notifications/cleanup-tokens` | Purge expired API tokens | `0 3 * * *` |
---
## 12. SLA Engine
| Severity | Window | At-Risk |
|---|---|---|
| critical | 4h | 3h |
| high | 24h | 18h |
| medium | 72h | 54h |
| low | 168h | 126h |
`issue.sla_notified` prevents duplicate cron notifications.
---
## 13. Audit Trail
- Admin-only at `/audit/` — director is excluded
- Actions: `CREATE`, `UPDATE`, `DELETE`, `LOGIN`, `LOGOUT`, `EXPORT`
- Mobile API routes call `log_action()` for all create/update operations
- Immutable — never updated or deleted through the application
---
## 14. PDF Export
ReportLab — `app/utils/pdf_export.py`. **12-column grid must be preserved** — do not collapse in print/PDF.
---
## 15. Scheduled Reports
Types: `summary`, `facility`, `issues`. Frequencies: `daily`, `weekly`, `monthly`.
Cron: `POST /scheduled-reports/run?secret=<DIGEST_SECRET>`
---
## 16. Rate Limiting
```python
limiter = Limiter(
key_func = get_remote_address,
default_limits = [],
storage_uri = os.environ.get('REDIS_URL', 'memory://'),
)
```
**Production:** Set `REDIS_URL=redis://127.0.0.1:6379/0`. Counters shared across all Gunicorn workers.
---
## 17. Alembic Migration Chain
```
phase1_projects_roles → phase6_features → phase7_mobile_api → phase8_notification_matrix
→ phase9_user_full_name → phase10_customer_password_setup → phase11_director_role
→ phase12_performance_indexes → phase_b_mobile_local_id
→ phase13_issue_facility → phase14_facility_created_at
→ phase15_audit_log_indexes → phase16_notifications_columns
→ phase17_notification_event_type
→ phase18_issue_reported_by ← HEAD
```
### phase_b_mobile_local_id
Adds `mobile_local_id VARCHAR(64) NULL` + index to both `inspections` and `issues`.
Uses `INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS` and `INFORMATION_SCHEMA.STATISTICS` existence checks — safe to re-run.
### phase13_issue_facility
Adds nullable `facility_id` FK column to `issues`; back-fills from `areas.facility_id`; makes `area_id` nullable.
Uses direct `ALTER TABLE` + `INFORMATION_SCHEMA` checks — safe to re-run.
### phase14_facility_created_at
Adds nullable `created_at` `DATETIME` column to `facilities`.
Uses direct `ALTER TABLE` + `INFORMATION_SCHEMA` check — safe to re-run.
### phase15_audit_log_indexes
Adds individual indexes on `audit_logs.action` and `audit_logs.entity_type`.
Uses `INFORMATION_SCHEMA.STATISTICS` existence checks — safe to re-run.
### phase16_notifications_columns
Ensures `digest_pending TINYINT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0` and `inspection_id INT NULL FK` exist on the `notifications` table. Both columns are defined in the model but were absent from any prior migration because the `notifications` table predates the chain. Uses `INFORMATION_SCHEMA` existence checks — safe to re-run.
### phase17_notification_event_type
Adds `event_type VARCHAR(50) NULL` to the `notifications` table. Required for `GET /api/v1/notifications` to return event type to the iPad so it can categorise alerts. The API endpoint catches `OperationalError` and falls back to raw SQL before this migration runs. Uses `INFORMATION_SCHEMA` existence check — safe to re-run.
### phase18_issue_reported_by
Adds `reported_by INT NULL FK → users.id ON DELETE SET NULL` to the `issues` table. Allows the mobile API to return issues the inspector created (but hasn't been assigned) alongside their assigned issues. Nullable — pre-phase18 rows have `NULL` and surface only via the `assigned_to` path. Uses `INFORMATION_SCHEMA` existence and constraint checks — safe to re-run.
### MySQL ENUM Change Protocol (3 steps — always follow)
```sql
-- 1. Expand
ALTER TABLE users MODIFY COLUMN role ENUM('admin','supervisor','director',...) NOT NULL;
-- 2. Migrate
UPDATE users SET role = 'director' WHERE role = 'supervisor';
-- 3. Contract
ALTER TABLE users MODIFY COLUMN role ENUM('admin','director',...) NOT NULL;
```
### MySQL Compatibility Rules
- **`CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS`** — not supported on MySQL < 8.0.12. Always use `INFORMATION_SCHEMA.STATISTICS` check first.
- **`batch_alter_table`** — SQLite-only workaround; do not use for MySQL migrations. Use direct `ALTER TABLE` statements.
- **Migration deploy order:** Always run `flask db upgrade` with the **old** `app/__init__.py` still in place if the new version imports models that reference columns the migration would add. Swap `__init__.py` after the migration succeeds.
### Deprecated SQLAlchemy Patterns
```python
# WRONG
Model.query.get(id)
# CORRECT
obj = db.session.get(Model, id)
if obj is None: abort(404)
```
---
## 18. Frontend Conventions
### Active Nav Tab
Detected via `request.endpoint.startswith('<blueprint>.')` in each nav `<a>` tag.
### Display Names
Always use `user.display_name` in templates — never `.username` for display purposes.
### Status Label Map
| DB value | Displayed as |
|---|---|
| `completed` | **Submitted** |
| `in_progress` | In Progress |
| `flagged` | Flagged |
| `open` | Open |
| `resolved` | Resolved |
| `pending_verification` | Pending Verification |
### Forms
- Flask-WTF CSRF auto-applied to all web forms
- **Never nest `<form>` tags** — browsers silently discard inner forms
### Real-Time
**SSE banned.** All "live" updates use polling.
---
## 19. Infrastructure
### Gunicorn
```python
bind = "127.0.0.1:8000"
workers = multiprocessing.cpu_count() * 2 + 1
worker_class = "sync"
timeout = 30
```
### Application Logging
- `RotatingFileHandler` → `logs/jqc.log` (5 × 5 MB)
- `StreamHandler` → stdout (journalctl)
- Format: `[YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS] LEVEL in module: message`
### Nginx
- `client_max_body_size 50M`
- Passes `X-Forwarded-For`
### Recommended Cron Schedule
```bash
0 7 * * * curl -s -X POST https://your-domain.com/notifications/send-digest \
-d "token=SECRET&frequency=daily"
*/30 * * * * curl -s -X POST https://your-domain.com/notifications/check-sla \
-d "token=SECRET"
0 3 * * * curl -s -X POST https://your-domain.com/notifications/cleanup-tokens \
-d "token=SECRET"
0 8 * * * curl -s -X POST https://your-domain.com/scheduled-reports/run \
-d "secret=SECRET"
```
---
## 20. Known Constraints & Hard Rules
| # | Rule | Rationale |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | **No SSE** | Exhausted Gunicorn sync worker pool |
| 2 | **`now_eastern()` always** | `utcnow()` caused incorrect SLA cutoffs |
| 3 | **3-step MySQL ENUM changes** | Skipping causes data loss |
| 4 | **Port 465 → SSL; 587 → STARTTLS** | Both True breaks Flask-Mail |
| 5 | **`csrf.exempt()` on each child blueprint individually** | `csrf.exempt(api_bp)` does NOT cascade; Flask-WTF checks leaf blueprint object only |
| 6 | **`supervisor_required` name preserved** | Renaming would touch 30+ route decorators |
| 7 | **Score 0 = unanswered** | Excluded from calculation — not the same as scoring zero |
| 8 | **12-column grid in PDF** | Must not collapse in print/PDF |
| 9 | **No nested `<form>` tags** | Browsers silently discard inner forms |
| 10 | **`log_action()` after `db.session.commit()`** | Entity ID must exist before audit capture |
| 11 | **`db.session.get(Model, id)` not `Model.query.get(id)`** | SQLAlchemy 2.x deprecation |
| 12 | **`filter()` before `limit()`** | SQLAlchemy ordering requirement |
| 13 | **Bulk queries in customer list** | Per-customer loops cause N+1 |
| 14 | **Email in background thread** | Never block HTTP response |
| 15 | **Open-redirect guards** | `safe_redirect_url()` in `app/utils/decorators.py` — the single canonical utility, imported by both `auth.py` and `customers.py` |
| 16 | **`CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS` not on MySQL < 8.0.12** | Use `INFORMATION_SCHEMA.STATISTICS` check |
| 17 | **`batch_alter_table` is SQLite-only** | Use direct `ALTER TABLE` for MySQL migrations |
| 18 | **Set `REDIS_URL` in production** | `memory://` is per-process; Gunicorn needs Redis for accurate shared counters |
| 19 | **"Project" → "Contract" is UI-only** | Backend identifiers unchanged |
| 20 | **`display_name` not `username` in templates** | Respects full_name; username is login identity only |
| 21 | **`mobile_local_id` idempotency on all mobile write endpoints** | Network retries must not create duplicate records |
| 22 | **Photo upload before inspection/issue submission** | Server path must be known before the parent record is created |
| 23 | **Migration deploy before new `app/__init__.py`** | New init imports models referencing new columns; columns must exist first |
| 24 | **`import Combine` required in iOS files using `@Published`** | Swift 5.9+ does not auto-import Combine |
| 25 | **No `selection:` binding on `NavigationSplitView`** | `init(selection:content:)` unavailable on iPadOS 17 |
| 26 | **SwiftData `#Predicate` — fetch all + filter in Swift for string comparisons** | Macro type-inference bug with string literals across model type boundaries |
| 27 | **Sequential `await` for reference data fetches in SyncManager** | `async let` causes Swift 6 actor-isolation warnings on Decodable structs |
| 28 | **`hmac.compare_digest()` for token comparison** | Prevents timing oracle attacks |
| 29 | **`get_customer_scope()` uses bulk project query** | Replaces per-assignment loop |
| 30 | **CSV exports always call `log_action(ACTION_EXPORT, ...)`** | Data exports are compliance-relevant audit events |
| 31 | **Do NOT add an explicit `Issue.area` relationship** | `Area.issues` declares `backref='area'`, supplying `Issue.area` automatically. A second declaration on `Issue` raises `ConflictingBackreferences` at startup. The dependency is documented here; do not "fix" it by adding an explicit relationship. |
| 32 | **Do not sync an issue when its parent `LocalInspection.syncStatus == "failed"`** | Submitting without `inspection_id` creates orphaned server records; mark issue `"failed"` instead |
| 33 | **f-string fallback strings must use double-quotes inside single-quoted f-strings** | Python 3.11 raises `SyntaxError` on nested same-delimiter quotes; use `"\u2014"` not `'—'` inside `f'...'` |
| 34 | **`computeScore` field ID must be cast explicitly: `String` → `as? String`, `Int` → `as? Int` then `String(n)`** | `Optional.map` on `Any?` returns `Optional(value)` not `value`; the old guard-let produced `"Optional(5)"` as the lookup key, so all integer-ID field scores were silently 0 |
| 35 | **Strip `local://` photo paths from `formData` before `submitInspection`** | A failed photo upload leaves `"local://..."` in formData; `JSONSerialization` drops non-serialisable values silently, which is worse than an empty string on the server |
| 36 | **`notify()` must always receive `event_type`** | Without it the mobile API returns `null` for event type and the iPad cannot categorise the alert banner |
| 37 | **`flag_followup` calls `notify()` for the original inspector** | Without this, the inspector receives no follow-up request notification on any channel |
| 38 | **`GET /api/v1/notifications` catches `OperationalError`** | If phase17 migration hasn't run, the ORM query fails at the SQL layer because `event_type` is in the SELECT but not in the DB; `getattr()` does NOT protect against this — only a try/except does |
| 39 | **Issue API scope: inspectors see assigned OR reported issues** | `GET /issues`, `GET /issues/<id>`, `PATCH /issues/<id>/status` all enforce `assigned_to == user.id OR reported_by == user.id` for the inspector role. Pre-phase18 rows with `reported_by = NULL` surface only via `assigned_to`. |
| 40 | **`_issue_payload()` must return `photo_path` and `result_photos`** | iPad `pullAssignedIssues` stores these in `photoServerPaths` for display via `AsyncImage`; omitting them means server-created issues show no photos |
| 41 | **`log_action()` commits internally — always call after `db.session.commit()`** | audit.py calls `db.session.commit()` to write the AuditLog row; calling it mid-transaction prematurely commits dirty session state. Snapshot any label strings needed for the audit call before the main commit if they come from ORM objects that may expire. |
| 42 | **`~Inspection.follow_ups.any()` not `== None` for dynamic relationships** | `follow_ups` is `lazy='dynamic'`; comparing to `None` does not generate a "has no rows" predicate. Use `~.any()` which emits a proper `NOT EXISTS` subquery. |
| 43 | **`issues.index()` outerjoin must precede all filters** | `outerjoin(Area, Issue.area_id == Area.id)` is unconditional at the top of the query. Both the customer-scope block and the `facility_filter` block reference `Area.facility_id`; without a prior join the `facility_filter` path generates a cartesian product for non-customer users. |
---
## 21. Change Philosophy
1. **Surgical, additive patches** — smallest possible change to achieve the goal
2. **Preserve all routes, function names, variable names** unless explicitly directed otherwise
3. **Never remove existing functionality** unless explicitly directed
4. **Log all create/update/delete actions** via `log_action()`
5. **Migration existence checks** — all migrations safe to re-run
6. **Full file contents for 1–3 file changes**; deployment map for larger changesets
7. **Explicit deploy instructions** — migration steps separated from code steps
8. **Root cause analysis** on errors — never apply temporary workarounds
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